Historicism, Industrial Revolution, Art + Craft Movement, Art Nouveau Movement, Chicago School
Download Free Architecture Ebook:Historicism, Industrial Revolution, Art + Craft Movement, Art Nouveau Movement, Chicago School
By: www.shahrilkhairi.com. Prepared by SKA
- 2. The Palace of Westminster,London, 1836 to 1868Gov. Centre, English Gothic RevivalSir Charles Barry, Augustus PuginWestminster New Palace, theHouses of Parliament for Englandand all the United Kingdom,including the famous clock Big Ben.Design of gothic details assisted byA. W. N. Pugin. Use cut stonebearing masonry.HISTORICISM Prepared by SKA
- 3. United States Capitol,Washington 1793 to 1830Gov. Centre, Neo ClassicThornton-Latrobe-Bulfinch Washington, Location D.C. stone bearing Construction masonry, cast System iron dome Context urban Notes Dome by Thomas Ustick Walter, 1851 to 1863HISTORICISM Prepared by SKA
- 4. Crystal Palace,London1851, moved 1852, burnt1936Exposition Hall, Victorian StyleJoseph PaxtonThe development of modernarchitecture was driven not onlyby new aesthetic principles.The easy availability of materialssuch as concrete, iron, steel andglass freed architecture from therestrictions of building in stone,wood and masonryThe new sense of space aimedat meeting the needs of life inthe 20th century.Modular construction system -prefabricated iron sections. Floorarea of 770,000 sq ft.,1851 ftlong, 450 ft wide.INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Prepared by SKA
- 5. Eiffel Tower1887 - 1889Exposition Observation Tower, Victorian StructuralExpressionistGustave Eiffel A symbol of Paris worldwide. 985 high rugged tracery of iron work. Commission from competition victory.INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Prepared by SKA
- 6. William Morris(London, England 1834 – 1896)William Morris was an artist,designer, printer, typographer,bookbinder, craftsman, poet,writer and champion of socialistideals. He believes that naturewas the perfect example ofGods creation.FOUNDER OF ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 7. The Arts and Crafts Movement was a reactionagainst the poor quality of design during theIndustrial Revolution.The members of the Arts and Crafts Movementbelieved that the growth of industry haddestroyed traditional skills and had removedthe pride that a craftsman could find in hiswork.The members of the Arts and Crafts Movementformed themselves into crafts guilds, based onthe medieval examples, in order to encouragehigh standards of design and provide asupportive working environment.THE ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 8. Arts and Crafts, or Craftsman, houses havemany of these features:•Wood, stone, or stucco siding•Low-pitched roof•Wide eaves with triangular brackets•Exposed roof rafters•Porch with thick square or round columns•Stone porch supports•Exterior chimney made with stone•Open floor plans; few hallways•Numerous windows•Some windows with stained or leaded glass The red house•Beamed ceilings•Dark wood wainscoting and mouldings•Built-in cabinets, shelves, and seatingTHE ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 9.Victor Horta Henry Van De Velde Antonio Gaudi(Belgian architect, 1861 – 1947) (Belgian architect, 1863 – 1957) (Spanish architect,1852 – 1926) Victor Horta created buildings Borrowing from his own Flemish Gaudi developed a sensuous, which rejected historical styles background and the English curving, almost surreal design and marked the beginning of Arts & Crafts movement, Van style which established him as modern architecture. He de Velde developed a highly the innovative leader of the conceived modern architecture detailed, style. Using concrete Spanish Art Nouveau movement. as an abstract principle derived as an expressive element, he With little regard for formal order, from relations to the environment, created ornamental designs he juxtaposed unrelated systems rather than on the imitation of and ornate interiors which and altered established visual forms. Organic forms established directly influenced the Art order. Gaudis characteristically by Horta do not meet standard Nouveau movement. warped form of Gothic ideas of modern architecture, but architecture drew admiration Horta generated references ideas from other avant-garde artists. of many modernist.THE ART NOUVEAU MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 10. Victor Horta Henry Van De Velde Antonio Gaudi •Museum Horta •Casa Batllo •Sagrada FamiliaTASSEL HOUSE BLOEMENWERF HOUSE CASA MILA Van de Velde gave everything in Also "Hotel Tassel". Elegant urban Expressionistic, fantastic, organic the house, from the door house with facade defined forms in undulating facade and furnishings to the wallpaper, the around centered, stacked oriel roof line. light court. same patterns of embellishments bay windows and balcony. and flowing linear shapesTHE ART NOUVEAU MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 11. Characteristics of Art Nouveau•Art Nouveau means for “new styles” in French• styles developed in response to industrial revolutionand art and craft movement.• Well known in French, Belgium and Germany.Nama panggilan mengikut negaraEngland – Modern StyleUSA – Tiffany StyleGerman – JugendstilItaly – Stile LibertySpain – ModernismeBahan-bahan yang selalu digunakan.- Iron- Stained glasses-The Curing Door Handles (Pemegang pintu yanglentik)- The Vegetal Curve Dynamic beauty of the banister(Susur tangan yang melengkung dan bercoraktumbuh-tumbuhan)- The Slender Iron Pillars (tiang besi yang ramping)- The coiling patterns of the mosaic floors.THE ART NOUVEAU MOVEMENT Prepared by SKA
- 12. Louis Henry Sullivan(Boston, 1856 – 1924)Sullivans designs generally involved a simplegeometric form decorated with ornamentationbased on organic symbolism. As an organizerand formal theorist on aesthetics, hepropounded an architecture that exhibited thespirit of the time and needs of the people.Considered one of the most influential forces inthe Chicago School, his philosophy that formshould always follow function went beyondfunctional and structural expressions.He influenced by Hobson Richardson, whomSullivan was a great admirer."Schlesinger-Mayer Store", "Carson, Pirie and Scott Store", Chicago.Form FollowsFunction!FATHER OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE Prepared by SKA
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